The utility model relates to detection equipment for the axial endplay of a shaft of a workpiece, in particular to an axial endplay detection device. The axial endplay detection device comprises an adjusting mechanism, a lamping mechanism, a driving mechanism and a detecting mechanism, wherein the adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the vertical position of a workpiece and is directly fixed on the body of a lathe the clamping mechanism is used for fixing a workpiece and is fixed on guide rails of the body of the lathe and can horizontally move relatively to the body of the lathe along the guide rails the driving mechanism is used for driving a workpiece to produce axial endplay and both the driving mechanism and the detecting mechanism are fixed on the clamping mechanism. The axial endplay detection device has the advantages of simple structure, reliable connection, accurate detection and safe working environment.
