中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所机构知识库

为了研究增减材交互过程中基体温度状态对工件表面质量的影响，对增材工件在冷却不同的时间后进行铣削，测试工件表面的粗糙度、表面形貌、残余应力、微观组织及硬度。当基体温度在482℃进行铣削时，工件表面的粗糙度约在Ra2.226μm左右，表面有凹坑及凸起的缺陷，工件表面呈现残余拉应力，沉积层顶部硬度约为200HV；当基体温度在205℃及164℃进行铣削时，工件表面的粗糙度分别降低到Ra1.192μm和Ra0.844μm，表面形貌均由均匀的铣削纹理组成，工件表面由残余拉应力转化为残余压应力，沉积层顶部硬度分别为309HV和286HV。结果表明：随着基体温度的降低，工件表面粗糙度逐渐降低，表面缺陷减少，表面残余应力由残余拉应力转化为残余压应力，硬度增加，工件表面质量获得提高。

The effect of matrix temperature state on the surface quality of workpieces during the interaction between Additive Manufacturing and Subtractive Manufacturing was studied. Additive workpieces were milled after different cooling times. In this study, the roughness, surface morphology, residual stress, microstructure and hardness of workpieces were tested. When the matrix temperature is milling at 482 °C, the roughness of the workpiece surface is about Ra2.226μm, the surface has the defects of pits and protrusions, surface of the workpiece is residual tensile stress, and the hardness of the top layer of the workpiece is about 200 HV; When the matrix temperature is milling at 205℃ and 164℃, the roughness of the workpiece surface is reduced to Ra1.192μm and Ra0.844μm, respectively. The surface morphology is composed of uniform milling texture. The residual tensile stress is converted to residual compressive stress on the surface of the workpiece. The hardness of the top layer of the workpiece is 309HV and 286HV, respectively. The results show that as the cooling time increases, the surface roughness of the workpiece gradually decreases, Surface defects on the workpiece surface are reduced, the surface residual stress is converted from residual tensile stress to residual compressive stress, and the hardness and the milling quality of the workpiece are improved.